Like
others chapters in the History of Electronics, the steady progress
of the television technology was possible only due to the so many
contributions of inventors, engineers and scientists.
Such pioneering achievements are traced through a brief narrative
of the foremost personalities related with the evolution of this important
field of communication. (a) Amongst them are:
Charles Francis Jenkins:
Wworked in a reliable motion picture,
which led him to radio and television. In 1925, he demonstrates a
mechanical scanning system using a revolving disk. Jenkins died on
June 1934 in Washington D.C. on the threshold of television.
John Logie Baird:
Was born on August 13, 1888 in Helensburg,
Scotland. He went to school at Larchfield Royal technical College
and Glasgow University where he studied engineering.
In 1923 he started his reseraches about television and later he
demonstrated a mechanical scanning system. Around 1935, Baird invented
the NOCTORVISOR, a peculiar apparatus for transmitting pictures
by using infrared rays.
Karl Ferdinand Braun:
Was born in June 6, 1850 in Fulda,
Germany. He studied at Marburg and Berlin. In 1885, Braun became
professor of Physics and later director of the Physical Institute
at Strasburg. He was responsible for the development of the first
cathode ray tube, the forerunner of the modern picture tube.
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a) ilustração de um dos primeiros
sistemas de projeção de imagem. |
Paul Nipkow:
Inventor of the television-scanning
disk. Nipkow was educated in Lauemburg, Pomerania. In 1884, a patented
was granted to him for his invention of the scanning television
disk used in the majority of the early television systems. However,
in spite of his advanced ideas for the time the Nipkow's concept
for a long distance image transmission lacked of many technical
resources such as the photocell, the cathode ray tube Augsut 24,
1940, in Berlin, Germany.
Philo Taylor Farnsworth:
Was an American pioneer in
the development of the all-electronic television system whose patent
application took place in 1927. Basically it comprises an image
converter called DISSECTOR by the inventor, which operates in conjunction
with an electron multiplier called as MULTIPACTOR.
Vladimir Kosma Zworinkins:
Was born July 30, 1889 in Mouron,
Russia. In 1812, he completed a course in electrical engineering
at the Technological Institute of Linengrad where he studied under
the supervision of Boris Rossing, a professor of Physics and a pioneer
in the researches for an early television system using a mechanical
scanning disk coupled with the Braun cathode tube. The Bolshevik
Revolution subsequently was to motivate him to emigrate to the United
States where, first at Wetinghouse and later at the Radio Corporation
of America he invented the first iconoscope camera tube finally
patented in 1938.
William Crookes:
Through his researches in Chemistry
and Physics he was responsible for several discoveries such as the
Chemical element Thallium as well as he invented one of the earliest
form of X-Ray tube known as the Crookes tube. Such a device later
was upgraded and used by Roentgen when during his experiments he
notice the emission of mysterious rays called by him as X-Rays.
Crookes original researches led another scientist, J.J.Thomson to
discover the Electron and in this way to define the nature of the
cathode rays. William Crookes passed away April 14, 1919 in London,
England.
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